CBD Oil Community FAQ
CBD Oil is a non-psychoactive compound that has gained recognition for its potential health benefits capturing considerable attention in recent years.
Current research indicates that CBD Oil may assist in alleviating anxiety, reducing inflammation and enhancing sleep quality whilst increasing its appeal among health-conscious individuals.
It is generally considered safe when consumed in appropriate dosages and it is imperative to acknowledge the potential side effects, the varying legal status in different jurisdictions, the quality of available products and the ongoing studies investigating its efficacy and safety across various applications.
Some users have also reported benefits from CBD Oil in pain management and in the treatment of conditions such as epilepsy and multiple sclerosis.
A thorough understanding of these factors can empower users to make informed decisions regarding its application for health and wellness.
As the market continues to evolve it is crucial to remain updated on the latest developments and clinical findings for anyone contemplating the use of CBD Oil.
Remember to check out our extensive database on scientific articles.
CBD Oil, scientifically referred to as cannabinoid, is derived from two primary varieties of the Cannabis sativa plant: hemp and marijuana.
The principal distinction between these varieties is the concentration of THC (tetrahydrocannabinol). Hemp is legally characterized by having less than 0.3% THC, whereas marijuana may contain THC levels exceeding 30%.
THC is responsible for the psychoactive phenomena commonly linked to cannabis consumption.
CBD Oil has garnered attention for its potential therapeutic effects, which may include anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, along with its application as a natural intervention for disorders such as anxiety, chronic pain, and epilepsy.
It is pertinent to examine the regulatory landscape pertaining to CBD Oil within your specific jurisdiction.
Furthermore, the consultation of a healthcare professional is advisable to ensure the safe and effective application of CBD Oil.
CBD Oil interacts intricately with the body’s endocannabinoid system which is a complex network of receptors and neurotransmitters. It plays a crucial role in regulating a variety of essential functions including mood, sleep, appetite, and pain response.
This natural compound not only offers a potential pathway to relief from discomfort and stress but does so without the psychoactive effects typically associated with THC.
Many individuals find that incorporating CBD Oil into their wellness routines can result in a more balanced and improved quality of life allowing them to navigate their daily activities with enhanced comfort and tranquility.
Taken orally
CBD Oil is generally regarded as safe when used at appropriate dosages. Research indicates that doses of up to 200 mg per day can be administered safely for a duration of up to 13 weeks. Under medical supervision, specific prescription CBD Oil formulations, such as Epidiolex, have been utilized at elevated doses and for extended periods.
Some side effects may occur with CBD Oil, including dry mouth, low blood pressure, lightheadedness, and drowsiness. Instances of liver injury have also been documented in connection with high doses of the prescription variant Epidiolex.
When applied to the skin
A specific cannabis extract spray containing cannabidiol and THC (Sativex, GW Pharmaceuticals) is considered possibly safe for use over a span of up to 2 years. This product is categorized as a prescription medication in the UK and Canada, while it remains an investigational drug in the United States.
Pregnancy and breastfeeding
It is advisable to exercise caution regarding the use of CBD Oil during pregnancy or breastfeeding. CBD Oil products may carry the risk of contamination with other substances that could be detrimental to the foetus or infant. It is prudent to avoid usage during these periods.
CBD Oil has been the focus of numerous scientific studies investigating its potential therapeutic properties, particularly in the management of chronic pain and inflammation, as well as the alleviation of symptoms related to anxiety, depression, multiple sclerosis, migraines, PTSD, nausea, seizures, certain addictions, acne, type 1 diabetes, arthritis, and epilepsy.
A specific prescription product (Epidiolex, GW Pharmaceuticals) is approved by the US FDA to treat seizures caused by Dravet syndrome, Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or tuberous slerosis complex.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS). A prescription-only nasal spray product (Sativex, GW Pharmaceuticals) containing both 9-delta-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and CBD Oil has been shown to be effective for improving pain, muscle-tightness, and urination frequency in people with MS. This product is used in over 25 countries outside of the United States. But there is inconsistent evidence on the effectiveness of CBD Oil for symptoms of multiple sclerosis when it is used alone. Some early research suggests that using a CBD Oil spray under the tongue might improve pain and muscle tightness, but not muscle spasms, tiredness, bladder control, mobility, or well-being and quality of life in patients with MS.
Further information can be found in the articles section of this website.
Preliminary findings suggest that CBD Oil may engage with the endocannabinoid system, which plays a crucial role in regulating pain and emotional balance.
Additionally, evidence points to its potential in improving sleep quality and enhancing overall well-being across various demographic groups. User testimonials indicate that incorporating CBD Oil into their nightly routines has contributed to deeper and more restorative sleep patterns. Numerous individuals have reported favorable outcomes associated with the regular use of high-quality, carefully sourced CBD Oil products.
This growing body of evidence has led to increased interest and acceptance of CBD Oil as a viable natural option for those seeking to enhance their health and address common life challenges.
Consequently, many individuals are exploring CBD Oil not only for its clinical benefits but also as a holistic approach to optimize daily functioning.
However, it is essential to consult a healthcare professional before starting any new supplemental regimen to ensure both safety and effectiveness.
CBD Oil is extracted from the Cannabis sativa variety, specifically from hemp plants or marijuana. The hemp plant variant used in CBD Oil production has minimal tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) content typically less than 0.3%, which is the psychoactive compound associated with marijuana consumption. When CBD Oil is derived from the marijuana plant it is configured to also maintain a THC level below 0.3%.
THC interacts with the brain’s cannabinoid receptors eliciting psychoactive effects. In contrast, CBD Oil does not induce any psychoactive effects and is categorized as non-intoxicating. As a result, individuals can utilize CBD Oil without undergoing the cognitive alterations frequently linked to cannabis usage.
Individuals can operate a vehicle while having CBD Oil in their system provided that they are not impaired. Nonetheless, certain side effects associated with CBD Oil may include drowsiness, fatigue, and hypotension which could potentially impact driving ability. It is also important to note that if THC is detected in a drug screening then driving would be prohibited.
CBD Oil has gained prominence as a wellness supplement among individuals seeking potential therapeutic benefits without the intoxication typically associated with conventional marijuana use.
CBD Oil can be a safe, beneficial, and effective option for pets and may alleviate chronic pain, reduce anxiety, and enhance mobility.
A veterinarian prescribes CBD Oil after considering your pet’s age, breed, medical history, symptoms, and other medications.
The prescription specifies the dosage and how often to give the medication. The product must meet certain conditions including at least 98% of the total cannabinoids in the product must be cannabidiol and any other cannabinoids must be naturally found in cannabis.
Research indicates that CBD Oil may mitigate the adverse effects of THC particularly those associated with intoxication and sedation, albeit primarily at elevated doses.
Safety studies on CBD Oil have demonstrated that it is generally well tolerated though it may lead to fatigue, somnolence, sedation, diarrhea, alterations in appetite with somnolence and sedation being the most frequently reported adverse effects. The side effects of CBD Oil are dependent on dosage.
The documentation for Epidiolex specifies sleepiness, insomnia, poor sleep quality, decreased appetite, diarrhea, and fatigue as potential side effects.
Between 2020 and 2023, the FDA has revised its safety concerns regarding CBD Oil recognizing the uncharted effects of prolonged use, its impact on the developing brain, foetuses and breastfeeding infants, its interactions with dietary supplements or prescription medications, its potential effect on male fertility and various side effects, including drowsiness.
In 2022, the FDA reported that “scientific studies indicate potential harm to the male reproductive system including testicular atrophy, liver damage, and interactions with specific medications.” The FDA has not identified sufficient information clarifying the safe consumption levels of CBD Oil, nor the duration for which it can be ingested without incurring harm particularly in vulnerable populations such as children and pregnant individuals.
CBD Oil may interact with other medications you are currently taking. While investigations into CBD Oil and drug interactions are ongoing, it has been shown to affect the efficacy of antidepressants, opioid pain relievers, anti-epileptic medications, alcohol, and acetaminophen.
Approximately 60% of prescription medications are metabolized by the same class of enzymes as CBD Oil which may result in significant drug interactions. Furthermore numerous medications can produce similar side effects to those associated with CBD Oil. It is advisable to maintain an updated list of all current medications and collaborate with a healthcare professional to ensure the safe use of CBD Oil.
The following classes of medications may present potential interactions with CBD Oil.
Antiepileptic Drugs
CBD Oil is frequently utilized alongside anticonvulsants or antiepileptic medications and interactions with certain antiepileptic drugs are well-documented. Drugs such as carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, phenobarbital, and phenytoin may alter the metabolism of CBD Oil leading to reduced levels in the bloodstream. Consequently, combining CBD Oil with these medications can diminish the overall effects of CBD Oil.
Research indicates that co-administration of CBD Oil and Depakote (valproic acid or valproate) could elevate liver enzyme levels potentially signaling liver dysfunction. Patients using CBD Oil in conjunction with these antiepileptic medications should be carefully monitored for signs of liver disease or injury.
CBD Oil has the potential to amplify the effects of certain antiepileptic drugs like phenobarbital and phenytoin which may result in toxic accumulation of these medications. Therefore dosage adjustments and close monitoring might be necessary for individuals combining antiepileptic drugs with CBD Oil.
Antidepressants
CBD Oil can inhibit the activity of the CYP2D6 enzyme, resulting in diminished metabolism and elevated plasma levels of specific antidepressants, including tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This interaction can consequently lead to increased side effects associated with these antidepressants.
Both CBD Oil and antidepressants may share similar central nervous system side effects such as drowsiness and sleep disturbances. Moreover, there exists a heightened risk of suicidal ideation or behaviors when using CBD Oil in conjunction with antidepressants.
Benzodiazepines
CBD Oil can modify the metabolism of benzodiazepines which are typically prescribed for the management of insomnia, anxiety, or seizures. Notably, concomitant use of CBD Oil can raise blood concentrations of several benzodiazepines including clobazam, diazepam, and lorazepam potentially amplifying their side effects.
Similar side effects may manifest when CBD Oil and benzodiazepines are used together presenting a risk for increased drowsiness and coordination issues. Healthcare providers should closely supervise patients using benzodiazepines and CBD Oil to avert severe adverse effects.
Opioid Analgesics
There are potential interactions between CBD Oil and opioid analgesics. For example, CBD Oil may impede the metabolism of morphine resulting in higher blood levels and increased side effects. Both CBD Oil and opioids may cause similar central nervous system side effects including drowsiness, sedation, fatigue, and lethargy. Patients experiencing severe chronic pain should thoroughly assess the benefits and risks associated with the concurrent use of CBD Oil and opioids.
Blood Thinners
CBD Oil may also influence the metabolism of various blood thinners, including anticoagulants and antiplatelet agents. The combination of CBD Oil and warfarin may increase the risk of bleeding; one case study revealed that a patient receiving both CBD Oil and warfarin required a 30% reduction in their warfarin dosage to mitigate bleeding risks. Clopidogrel, an antiplatelet agent, is activated in the liver where CBD Oil can inhibit its metabolism thus rendering the medication less effective and heightening the risk of stroke.
Immunosuppressants
CBD Oil has the potential to elevate blood levels of immunosuppressants such as tacrolimus and cyclosporine leading to heightened toxicity and adverse effects. Utilizing CBD Oil may also increase the likelihood of viral infections and pneumonia in certain patients due to its impact on immune function. The combination of CBD Oil with an immunosuppressant could escalate the risk of severe infections.
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), including omeprazole, pantoprazole and lansoprazole and are metabolized by CYP enzymes. As CBD Oil may disrupt the function of these enzymes, co-administration with PPIs could result in amplified side effects. CBD Oil and PPIs may also exhibit overlapping side effects such as diarrhea.
Certain Antimicrobials
Specific antibiotics such as clarithromycin and erythromycin, along with antifungal agents like ketoconazole and itraconazole, have the capacity to inhibit the liver enzymes responsible for metabolizing CBD Oil. Concomitant administration of CBD Oil with certain antimicrobials can elevate blood levels of CBD Oil potentially leading to adverse side effects.
Blood Pressure Medications
Research has indicated that CBD Oil may lower blood pressure posing potential concerns for individuals on hypertension medications. Combining CBD Oil with antihypertensive drugs may result in hypotension, fainting, and falls. Patients taking medications such as ACE inhibitors, beta blockers, or diuretics should monitor their blood pressure closely while using CBD Oil.
Herbal and Dietary Supplements
Certain herbal and dietary supplements, including St. John’s wort, can interfere with the metabolism of CBD Oil. The combination of St. John’s wort and CBD Oil may lead to decreased blood levels and diminished effects of CBD Oil. Research suggests that ginkgo biloba may also influence the metabolism of CBD Oil as a liver enzyme inhibitor, although the impact may not be significant.
As the FDA does not currently regulate CBD Oil, there are no established dosage recommendations. Clinical trials have reported dosages typically ranging from 100 to 800 milligrams per day.
It is highly advisable to consult with your healthcare provider before initiating any CBD Oil regimen. This consultation should help formulate a safe and effective dosage plan tailored to your specific health needs, while also considering any symptoms and other medications or supplements you may be using.
CBD Oil can be administered through various methods: sublingually (under the tongue), orally (by incorporating drops into beverages or food), topically (applied to the skin), or via inhalation (vaping).
Below is a detailed examination of these administration methods:
Sublingual:
Administer CBD Oil drops beneath your tongue and retain them there for 30-60 seconds prior to swallowing. This facilitates rapid absorption into the bloodstream.
Oral:
Incorporate CBD Oil drops into water, juice, or food. Alternatively, you may opt for CBD Oil edibles such as gummies or capsules.
Topical:
Apply CBD Oil directly onto the skin for targeted relief. This involves placing drops on the affected area and gently massaging them into the skin until fully absorbed. Additionally, CBD Oil-infused balms, lotions, or massage oils are available for topical use.
Inhalation:
Some individuals choose to vape CBD Oil using a vape pen or smoke hemp “flower” (dried plant). Ensure that you obtain vape cartridges from a reliable and reputable source.
Before using CBD Oil, especially if you have any underlying health conditions or are taking other medications, consult with a healthcare professional to discuss potential risks and benefits.
Australia
CBD Oil is classified as a Prescription Medicine (Schedule 4) for therapeutic purposes, containing two percent (2.0%) or less of cannabinoids typically found in cannabis. As a Schedule 4 drug under the SUSMP, it is categorized as a Prescription Only Medicine or Prescription Animal Remedy – Substances. The use or supply of this medication must be conducted by individuals authorized by state or territory legislation to prescribe, and it is available from a pharmacist only upon presentation of a prescription.
In June 2020, the Australian Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) initiated a consultation to facilitate the availability of “low dose” CBD Oil to consumers/patients exclusively through pharmacists by proposing a transition of such products from Schedule 4 to Schedule 3. Any products sold must undergo pre-assessment for safety, quality, and efficacy by the TGA, with formal approval for sale (specifics to be provided by the TGA). These products would be restricted to individuals over the age of 18, with a maximum daily dosage set at 60 mg/day, permitting up to 2% THC in the finished product, allowing a 30-day supply, whether plant-derived or synthetic. This proposal is grounded in an initial literature review on the safety of low dose CBD Oil published by the TGA in April 2020. Epidyolex received approval for use as an adjunctive therapy for seizures related to Lennox-Gastaut syndrome or Dravet syndrome in September 2020.
While it is lawful to obtain and possess marijuana in all states and territories with a prescription, stringent penalties remain in place for acquiring and/or supplying CBD Oil without the requisite prescription.
Bulgaria
In 2020, Bulgaria emerged as the first country within the European Union to permit the retail sale of food products and supplements containing CBD, despite ongoing discussions within the EU regarding the classification of CBD as a novel food. However, a legal void exists due to the absence of a legally acceptable minimum amount of THC in cannabinoid-containing products.
Canada
In October 2018, CBD Oil was legalized for both recreational and medical use under the federal Cannabis Act. As of August 2019, sales of CBD Oil products in Canada were restricted to authorized retailers or federally licensed medical enterprises, thus limiting general public access.
Nevertheless, with the advent of online delivery services and over 2,600 authorized cannabis retail outlets as of October 2021, access has progressively improved. The Canadian government asserts that CBD Oil products “are subject to all rules and requirements applicable to cannabis under the Cannabis Act and its regulations.” A processing license is mandated for the manufacture of products containing CBD Oil for sale, irrespective of the source of the CBD Oil, and such products may only be sold by authorized retailers or licensed sellers of medical CBD Oil. Edible CBD Oil products were scheduled to become available for human consumption in Canada on October 17, 2019.
As of August 2020, it remained illegal to transport cannabis and cannabis-derived products (inclusive of CBD Oil) across the Canadian border. Individuals carrying any amount of cannabis for any reason (including medical) must declare it to the Canada Border Services Agency. Failure to declare is considered a serious criminal offense.
Czech Republic
As of May 2023, the State Agricultural and Food Inspection of the Czech Republic is formulating comprehensive regulations concerning a prohibition on CBD Oil products. This will render the sale of products containing CBD Oil and other cannabinoids derived from hemp illegal due to the EU Novel Food Regulation. In regards to the Czech Republic, the European Industrial Hemp Association has formally requested recognition of natural hemp extracts with CBD Oil as traditional food.
European Union
In December 2020, the European Commission concluded that CBD Oil should not be classified as a drug and may be categorized as food.
CBD Oil is listed in the EU Cosmetics Ingredient Database (CosIng). However, the presence of an ingredient with an INCI name in CosIng does not necessarily imply that it is approved for use in cosmetic products.
Multiple industrial hemp varieties may be legally cultivated in Western Europe. For example, the “Fedora 17” variety consistently exhibits a CBD Oil profile of around 1% with THC levels below 0.3%.
Hong Kong
The HKSAR Government has enacted a complete ban on the use of CBD Oil (including for academic research and medical professionals) within Hong Kong, making it the first jurisdiction worldwide to impose such an all-encompassing prohibition, effective February 1, 2023, primarily due to potential THC presence, which remains illegal in Hong Kong.
New Zealand
The enactment of the Misuse of Drugs (Medicinal Cannabis) Amendment Act in December 2018 has resulted in CBD Oil no longer being classified as a controlled drug in New Zealand; however, it is categorized as a prescription medicine under the Medicines Act, with the stipulation that THC and specific substances within the product must not exceed 2 percent of the total.
Singapore
Singapore permits medical cannabis on a case-by-case basis, generally as a last resort therapy. Each case undergoes evaluation by the government and primarily manifests in the form of CBD Oil. The country adopts a flexible stance regarding patient treatment requirements despite enforcing stringent drug laws.
Sweden
CBD Oil is classified as a medical product in Sweden. However, in July 2019, the Supreme Court of Sweden ruled that CBD Oil with any concentration of THC falls under narcotic control laws.
Switzerland
While THC continues to be illegal, CBD Oil is not governed by the Swiss Narcotic Acts as it does not induce a comparable psychoactive effect. Cannabis products containing less than 1% THC are legally sellable and purchasable.
Ukraine
On April 7, 2021, the Ukrainian government authorized the use of isolated cannabidiol. Furthermore, it approved Nabiximol, a CBD Oil containing medication for medical applications.
United Kingdom
As of 2018, CBD Oil is legal to possess, buy, and sell in the UK, provided the product does not exceed 1 milligram of THC and is not promoted as offering medicinal benefits.
United Nations
CBD Oil is categorized under the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs as cannabis. The International Narcotics Control Board reminds Member States that during the reconvened sixty-third session of the Commission on Narcotic Drugs in December 2020, the member States of the Commission dismissed the World Health Organization’s recommendation to append a footnote to the entry for cannabis and cannabis resin in Schedule I of the 1961 Convention, as amended, to exempt from international control preparations predominantly containing CBD Oil and not exceeding 0.2 percent of delta-9-THC.
United States
CBD Oil derived from marijuana remains classified as a Schedule 1 Controlled Substance and is not authorized as a prescription drug, dietary supplement, or permitted in interstate commerce.
CBD Oil derived from hemp (with 0.3% THC or lower) is legally marketable as a cosmetic ingredient or for other uses not regulated by the FDA but cannot be sold under federal law as an ingredient in food, dietary supplements, or animal feed.
The 2014 Farm Bill legalized the sale of “non-viable hemp materials,” defining hemp as cannabis containing less than 0.3% THC and removing it from the Controlled Substances Act.
WADA – World Anti-Doping Agency
CBD Oil is not banned; however, athletes should exercise caution as certain CBD Oils and tinctures derived from cannabis plants may also contain THC and other cannabinoids that could lead to a positive test for a prohibited substance.
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